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个人贫困观和结构贫困观,是源自西方社会学的贫困致因理论。以孔孟荀为代表的先秦儒家,普遍认为统治者应该对百姓的贫困负主要责任,并提出了一系列如何让百姓脱贫致富的设想,其贫困致因的核心思想可归为贫困结构观。以“死生有命,富贵在天”为核心内涵,并嵌入先秦儒家“天命”思想体系中的“贫困天定论”的影响超过了其贫困结构观,并内化为一种世俗的道德信仰或文化氛围,影响着中国人的个体思维、群体意识及统治理念。在许多国人潜意识中,至今仍然认同具有宿命色彩的“富贵在天”。以“责怪受害者”为核心内涵的个人贫困观在中国社会中没有成为主流贫困观。
Personal poverty and structural poverty are derived from the theory of poverty in Western sociology. Pre-Qin Confucianism represented by Confucius, Mencius and Mencius generally holds the view that the ruler should bear the primary responsibility for the poverty of the people and put forward a series of ideas on how to make the people out of poverty and get rich. The core idea of poverty can be categorized as the concept of poverty. The influence of “Pessimism ” in the pre-Qin Confucianism “fate ” ideology surpassed the concept of poverty structure and was internalized as one The secular moral beliefs or cultural atmosphere affect the Chinese individual thinking, group awareness and the concept of rule. In many people’s subconscious, they still recognize the fate of the “rich in the sky.” The concept of individual poverty with “blame the victim ” as its core connotation has not become the mainstream concept of poverty in Chinese society.