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采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,研究了来自CIMMYT的5个热带群体与12个中国温带骨干自交系的杂种优势表现。结果显示,热带群体Pop49(Tuxpeno)、Pop32(ETO)、Popstay-green和Pool34与近年来选自外引种质的P群自交系的平均产量表现较突出,其中群体Pop49与之的平均产量表现最突出;热带群体Suwan-1则与中国温带传统骨干系有着较为突出的平均产量表现。配合力分析表明,P群自交系与群体Suwan-1的sca(特殊配合力)水平较低,中国传统温带骨干系与群体Suwan-1的sca水平均较高。这表明P群自交系与群体Suwan-1则有相近的遗传背景。在温带适应性较好的P群自交系可以作为热带种质Suwan-1快速有效导入温带种质的桥梁;中国传统骨干温带骨干系则与群体Suwan-1的遗传关系较远,Suwan-1热带种质在温带可与传统温带种质构成重要杂种优势模式;群体Popstay-green和Pop49的产量gca(一般配合力)为正值较高,表现出较高的利用潜力。研究结果为更好的利用来自CIMMYT的5个热带群体提供了有用的信息。
The NCⅡ genetic mating design was used to study the heterosis of five tropical populations from CIMMYT and 12 Chinese temperate inbred lines. The results showed that the average yield of tropical population Pop49 (Tuxpeno), Pop32 (ETO), Popstay-green and Pool34 was significantly higher than that of P-introduced inbred lines in recent years. The average yield of Pop49 The most prominent; Suwan-1 tropical group and the traditional temperate backbone of China has a more pronounced average yield performance. The analysis of combining ability showed that sca (special combining ability) of Suwan-1 in inbred lines of P group was lower than that of Suwan-1 group, and the sca level of Suwan-1 in both traditional temperate backbone population and population in China was higher. This indicates that there is a similar genetic background between the P-group inbred lines and the population Suwan-1. P-group inbred lines with good adaptability in temperate zone could be used as the bridge for rapid and effective introduction of temperate germplasm into tropical germplasm. The traditional backbone of temperate trunk in China had a far genetic relationship with Suwan-1 population. Suwan-1 Tropical germplasm can form an important heterosis with temperate temperate germplasm in temperate zone. The population gca (general combining ability) of Popstay-green and Pop49 is positive and shows high potential for utilization. The results provide useful information for better utilization of the five tropical populations from CIMMYT.