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目的了解医院感染现患率、医院感染相关因素及抗菌药物使用情况,为完善医院感染监控提供依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,对2008年5月18日、2010年6月14日、2012年5月16日0∶00-24∶00的住院患者进行调查,以统一标准填写调查表并进行资料统计分折。结果 3年共调查住院患者1127例,实查率均为100.0%,3年现患率分别为3.58%、1.32%、2.42%,3年的医院感染现患率比较差异无统计学意义;感染部位以上呼吸道、下呼吸道、胃肠道为主,分别占55.56%、25.93%、18.52%;抗菌药物使用率为66.49%,一联使用占85.33%,二联使用占13.33%,三联使用占1.33%,送检率为35.33%,3年送检率呈递增趋势;病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占66.67%。结论加强病房管理,关注血液科、神经内科的医院感染控制,减少陪护可降低医院感染的发生。
Objective To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infections, the related factors of nosocomial infections and the use of antimicrobial agents in order to provide the basis for improving the surveillance of nosocomial infections. Methods The method of cross-sectional survey was used to investigate inpatients from May 18, 2008 to June 14, 2010 and from 0:00 to 24:00 on May 16, 2012. Fill in the questionnaire with uniform standard and conduct Statistics data points. Results A total of 1,127 in-hospital patients were surveyed in 3 years. The actual investigation rates were 100.0%. The 3-year prevalence rates were 3. 58%, 1. 32% and 2. 42% respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in 3 years. Respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract accounted for 55.56%, 25.93% and 18.52% respectively. The usage of antibacterials was 66.49%, 85.33% for one use, 13.33% for dual use, 1.33% for triple use, The rate of submission was 35.33%, and the rate of 3-year submission increased progressively. The majority of pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 66.67%. Conclusion To strengthen ward management, pay attention to the control of nosocomial infection in hematology department and neurology department and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection by accompanying care.