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本文从构式语法的角度对汉语“程度副词+名词”构式进行研究,“副名构式”出现的原因是解决表达的需要以及汉语语法缺乏形式标记之间的矛盾,同时也是语言经济性原则的要求。构式意义对名词的指称意义有压制,达到语义和谐统一。副名构式与副形构式有继承关系,是副形构式的构式延伸,运用了转喻的操作机制。进入该构式的名词受到名词性质义的凸显程度、语言使用者的主观识解、语用等因素的限制。
This paper studies the constructions of Chinese “adverbs of degree + nouns” from the perspective of constructive grammar. The reasons for the emergence of “subname structure” lie in the need of resolving expressions and the contradiction between the lack of formal marks in Chinese grammar. It is also the requirement of language economy principle. The constructive meanings suppress the referential meaning of nouns and achieve the harmony and unity of semantics. The vice-structure and the sub-structure have inheritance relationship, which is the structural extension of the sub-structure, using the operation mechanism of metonymy. The nouns entering this structure are limited by such factors as the prominence of nouns’ nominal meaning, subjective knowledge of language users and pragmatics.