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超滤在饮用水处理工程中的应用还存在流程长和净水功能发挥不充分等问题,导致运行费难以降低,限制了其推广应用。为此,通过构建直接超滤、微絮凝/超滤和混凝/沉淀/超滤三种短流程超滤工艺,并结合低通量运行技术进行中试研究,考察了各工艺的除污效能和运行稳定性。研究结果表明:三种短流程工艺对东江源水均能取得良好的处理效果,其中混凝/沉淀/超滤工艺对有机物的去除效果最好,微絮凝/超滤和混凝/沉淀/超滤能够稳定去除氨氮,而直接超滤则受到运行阶段的影响,三者在去除浊度上无明显差异;直接超滤和微絮凝/超滤工艺在低通量下运行时,污染缓慢且未见不可逆污染,但直接超滤工艺受原水水质影响较大,混凝/沉淀/超滤工艺能够在较高通量下低污染运行,但污染的可逆性较差,且投药量控制不佳时会导致污染速率显著增加;腐殖酸、富里酸和蛋白质类有机物均会引起膜的不可逆污染。
The application of ultrafiltration in drinking water treatment project also has problems such as long process flow and inadequate water purification function, leading to difficulty in reducing operating costs and limiting its popularization and application. Therefore, three kinds of short-flow ultrafiltration (UF) technology, including direct ultrafiltration, micro flocculation / ultrafiltration and coagulation / sedimentation / ultrafiltration, were constructed and combined with low-throughput operation technology to study the decontamination efficiency of each process And running stability. The results showed that three kinds of short-flow processes could get a good treatment effect on the source water of the Dongjiang River. The coagulation / sedimentation / ultrafiltration technology had the best removal efficiency for organic matter, micro-flocculation / ultrafiltration and coagulation / sedimentation / ultra- Filtration can be a stable removal of ammonia nitrogen, and direct ultrafiltration is affected by the operation stage, the three turbidity in the removal of no significant difference; direct ultrafiltration and micro flocculation / ultrafiltration process at low throughput operation, the pollution is slow and not See the irreversible pollution, but the direct ultrafiltration process is greatly affected by the quality of the raw water. The coagulation / sedimentation / ultrafiltration process can operate with low pollution at a higher flux but the reversibility of the pollution is poor and the dosage is poorly controlled Will lead to a significant increase in the rate of pollution; humic acid, fulvic acid and protein-based organic matter can cause irreversible membrane pollution.