针对薄板焊接变形测量难的问题,提出了一种非接触式三维光学实时测量薄板焊接变形的新方法。首先通过2个高分辨率高速数字相机从不同观察点同时拍摄物体运动的视频图像;然后运用三维重建技术,包括共线方程、基于共面方程的像片定向、直接线性变换解法、外极线几何约束和光束平差解法等重建待测标志点的三维坐标;最后依据同名点将不同时刻薄板的变形状态关联起来,计算出待观测点的焊接变形量,并实时绘制显示出变形曲线。与传统方法相比,该方法具有不受焊接温度及强烈干扰影响和实时、高效、高精度等优点。 Aiming at the problem of difficult measurement of sheet metal deformation, a new method of non-contact three-dimensional optical real-time measurement of sheet metal deformation is proposed. First of all, two high-resolution and high-speed digital cameras are used to simultaneously capture the video images of objects moving from different observation points. Then the three-dimensional reconstruction techniques including collinear equations, image orientations based on coplanar equations, direct linear transformation Geometry constraint and beam adjustment method to reconstruct the three-dimensional coordinates of the mark. Thirdly, according to the same name point, the deformation state of the sheet at different time is linked to calculate the welding deformation of the point to be observed, and real-time drawing shows the deformation curve. Compared with the traditional method, this method is not affected by the welding temperature and strong interference and real-time, high efficiency, high accuracy and so on.