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目的通过了解医务人员锐器伤发生现状,为锐器伤的防护提出改良建议。方法对广州市某综合医院近8年登记上报的378例锐器伤个案进行回顾性调查分析。结果 378例锐器伤中,护理人员为高发人群,占76.2%;锐器伤大多发生在各种注射操作中(43.9%),其次是处理废物过程中(30.7%);90.5%锐器伤受伤部位在手,52.0%锐器伤人员未戴手套;明确暴露源病原学阳性者87例(乙型肝炎50例,梅毒25例,丙型肝炎12例);仅有25.3%(96/378)的医务人员在事后采取病原体监测或预防性治疗措施,不同职称以及受不同污染程度锐器刺伤的医务人员事后会采取相关防护措施的比例差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医院相关部门应加强锐器伤高发人员职业安全培训,规范操作技能,开展安全器具,完善职业暴露后的管理和处置。
Objective To understand the current situation of medical personnel sharp injury and put forward some suggestions for the improvement of sharps injuries prevention. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on 378 cases of sharp injury registered in a general hospital in Guangzhou in the past 8 years. Results 378 cases of sharp injuries, the nursing staff for the high incidence of the crowd, accounting for 76.2%; sharp injuries occurred in a variety of injection operations (43.9%), followed by the process of waste (30.7%), 90.5% sharp injuries There were 87 cases of positive etiological positive (50 cases of hepatitis B, 25 cases of syphilis and 12 cases of hepatitis C); only 25.3% (96/378 ) Of medical staff took pathogen monitoring or prophylactic treatment afterwards. There were significant differences (P <0.05) in the proportions of health workers with different titles and stab wounds with different degrees of contamination after the accidental protective measures were taken. Conclusion The relevant departments of the hospital should strengthen occupational safety training of personnel with high incidence of sharp injuries, standardize operation skills, carry out safety equipment and improve the management and disposal after occupational exposure.