元代“开国题材”小说在清中叶以前的缺失,是小说史上一个特殊的文化现象。元代开国讲史平话及其史料的阙如导致元代“开国题材”小说缺乏现实的创作基础,史学上之正统论“严华夷之分”观念是元代“开国题材”小说缺失的深层原因,二者共同制约了元代“开国题材”小说的创作。明代小说《英烈传》开篇的元代开国史书写具有一定的研究价值,其前后版本对元代开国的不同叙述,真实地反映了明代政权前后期对蒙古的不同政治策略。 The absence of the founding motif of the founding fathers in Yuan Dynasty before the middle of Qing Dynasty is a special cultural phenomenon in the history of novels. The history of Pinghua dialect and the lack of its historical materials in the Yuan dynasty led to the lack of realistic foundation for the creation of the novel Founding of the New China. The orthodox theory of historiography, The deep reason for the lack of novel, both together restrict the creation of the novel “Founding of the New World”. The opening of the history of the founding of the Yuan Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty novel “The Biography of Heroes” has certain research value. The different narratives of the founding of the Yuan Dynasty in previous and later versions of the heroic biography truly reflect the different political tactics of Mongolia during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.