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目的了解重庆市黔江中心医院呼吸内科住院患者下呼吸道感染的病原菌分布及药敏情况。方法回顾性分析该院2012年6月至2015年12月收治的1 106例呼吸内科下呼吸道感染住院患者的痰培养和药敏试验结果。结果在1 106例下呼吸道感染患者痰标本中,痰培养阳性413例,阳性率为37.34%,包括革兰阴性菌272株(65.86%)、革兰阳性菌87株(21.07%)和真菌54株(13.08%)。其中革兰阴性菌主要为流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌;革兰阳性菌主要为肺炎链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;真菌主要为白色假丝酵母菌。结论黔江地区呼吸内科住院患者下呼吸道感染以革兰阴性菌为主,其次为革兰阳性菌及真菌,临床医生应根据该地区下呼吸道感染的病原菌分布特点及药敏情况合理选用抗菌药物。
Objective To investigate the distribution and drug susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract inpatients with respiratory medicine in Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing. Methods A retrospective analysis of the hospital from June 2012 to December 2015 admitted to the 106 cases of respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients with sputum culture and drug sensitivity test results. Results Among the 1 106 cases of sputum samples of lower respiratory tract infection, 413 cases were positive for sputum culture, with a positive rate of 37.34%, including 272 gram-negative bacteria (65.86%), 87 (21.07%) gram-positive bacteria and 54 Strain (13.08%). Gram-negative bacteria which mainly Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; gram-positive bacteria are mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus; fungi are mainly Candida albicans. Conclusions Inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection in the Department of Respiratory Medicine in Qianjiang District are mainly Gram-negative bacteria, followed by Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Clinicians should choose antibacterial drugs reasonably according to the distribution characteristics and drug susceptibility of pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections in this area.