在工业和国际贸易发展到一定阶段后,各个国家先后制订了用以规范合理竞争的各种法律制度。对此类法律的具体名称,因各国法律传统的差异而有所不同。美国称之为反托拉斯法,日本称为反垄断法,欧盟称为竞争法,而联合国文件中则把这类法律表达为“管制限制性商业行为规则”。 After the development of industry and international trade reached a certain stage, various countries successively formulated various legal systems for regulating fair competition. The specific names of such laws vary according to the legal traditions of different countries. The United States calls it the antitrust law, the Japanese law as the antitrust law, the European Union the competition law, and the UN documents express such laws as “the rules governing restrictive commercial conduct.”