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目的分析河北省保定市2005-2014年15岁以下儿童甲型病毒性肝炎(简称甲肝)的流行病学特征,为预防控制甲肝提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统获得发病资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对保定市2005-2014年15岁以下儿童甲肝特征进行统计分析。结果 2005-2014年保定市共报告15岁以下甲肝病例173例,平均发病率0.93/10万(0.10/10万~3.78/10万),发病高峰在12月。山区平均发病率(1.23/10万)高于平原(0.84/10万)和城区(0.41/10万),不同地区差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.202,P<0.01)。男女性别比为1∶0.68。10~14岁组平均发病率(1.31/10万)高于5~岁组(0.80/10万)和0~岁组(0.77/10万),不同年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.661,P<0.01)。结论保定市15岁以下儿童甲肝报告发病率逐年下降,主要集中在10~14岁组儿童,制订针对性的防控措施是降低甲肝发病率的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A virus in children under 15 years old in Baoding city of Hebei Province from 2005 to 2014, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of hepatitis A. Methods The disease information was obtained from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the characteristics of hepatitis A in children under 15 years old in Baoding from 2005 to 2014. Results A total of 173 cases of hepatitis A under 15 years old were reported in Baoding City from 2005 to 2014, with an average incidence of 0.93 / 100000 (0.10 / 100000 ~ 3.78 / 100000). The peak incidence was in December. The average incidence of mountainous area (1.23 / 100000) was higher than that of plain (0.84 / 100000) and urban area (0.41 / 100000), with significant difference in different areas (χ2 = 10.202, P <0.01). The average male to female sex ratio was 1: 0.68. The average incidence rate (1.31 / 100,000) in the 10-14 age group was higher than that in the 5 ~ age group (0.80 / 100,000) and the 0 ~ age group (0.77 / The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 11.661, P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis A in children under 15 years of age in Baoding has been declining year by year, mainly in children aged 10-14 years. It is crucial to develop targeted prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence of hepatitis A.