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以苏北海滨盐土种植实验区7个不同特征的地块为对象,研究了海滨盐土基本理化性状及其生物学特征的季节变化,以及其与植物种植和植被条件的关系.结果表明:海滨盐土的土壤性状随种植年限和植被状况的不同有较大的变异性,种植耐盐植物地块平均土壤电导率(0.95 dS.m-1)低于自然植被地块(2.77 dS.m-1),但部分地块电导率水平较种植前有所升高;土壤肥力普遍较低,水解性氮含量平均低于50 mg.kg-1,有效磷含量(除施肥地块)平均低于3 mg.kg-1,有机质含量低于1%,种植耐盐植物地块因施肥而有所改善.土壤电导率和养分水平是影响盐土植被生长与分布的主要因素,前者尤为关键;土壤氮磷含量与微生物数量密切相关.不同植被和干扰状况下土壤性状的季节变化差异明显,植被盖度高、人为干扰少的土壤环境相对稳定,反之则波动剧烈.
Taking the plots of seven different characteristics in the saline-soil planting experimental area of northern Jiangsu as an example, the seasonal variations of the basic physico-chemical properties and biological characteristics of the coastal saline soil were studied, and the relationship between the seasons and the plantation and vegetation was studied.The results showed that: The average soil electrical conductivity (0.95 dS.m-1) of salt-tolerant plants was lower than that of natural vegetation plots (2.77 dS.m-1) , But the conductivity of some plots was higher than that before planting. The soil fertility was generally low, the average content of hydrolyzable nitrogen was less than 50 mg.kg-1, and the content of available phosphorus (except fertilizing land) was lower than 3 mg .kg-1, the content of organic matter is less than 1%, the salt-tolerant plantation plots are improved by fertilization.The soil electrical conductivity and nutrient level are the main factors affecting the growth and distribution of saline-soil vegetation, the former is particularly critical; Which is closely related to the number of microbes.The seasonal variation of soil properties under different vegetation and disturbance conditions is obviously different, the soil environment with high vegetation coverage and less human disturbance is relatively stable, otherwise the volatility is violent.