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初中教育的形势、目标与指导思想近几年来,我国的初中教育取得了较大的成绩,主要表现在:初中稳步发展,小学毕业生的升学率逐年上升,1985年是68％,到1992年上升到79.7％,京、津、沪等不少大中城市和部分富裕农村,已普及了初中教育;在发展初中的事业中,重视了师范教育的优先发展,师资数量增加,质量提高,初中教师的学历达标率已由1978年不到10％逐步上升到1992年的55％,如果加上教师专业合格证书考核合格的,可达62—63％,而且学历合格将以年递增3.5％的速度上升,具有发展的后劲;学校布局相对集中、日趋合理,办学物质条件明显改善;重视加强薄弱初中建设,多数薄弱初中的面貌有明显改变;教育教学质量有较大提高,初中生的全科考试合格率已由“文革”后最初几年的30％左右,上升到1992年的56.88％,初中生流失率则由1987年的6.1％,下降到1991年的5.84％。但是,按照《中国教育改革和发展纲要》规定以在本世纪末基本普及九年义务教育,大力提高劳
The situation, goals and guiding ideology of junior middle school education In recent years, junior high school education in our country has made great achievements. The main achievements are as follows: The steady development of junior middle school, the graduation rate of primary school graduates from year to year, up from 68% in 1985 to 1992 To 79.7%. Many large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai and some affluent rural areas have already popularized junior middle school education. In their efforts to develop junior high schools, they have prioritized the development of normal education, and the number of teachers has increased. The quality of junior middle schools Teachers ’academic attainment rate has risen from less than 10% in 1978 to 55% in 1992. If teachers’ qualifications are assessed in addition to 62-63%, their qualifications will increase by 3.5% annually Speed up, with the development of stamina; school layout is relatively concentrated, more reasonable, material conditions of school significantly improved; emphasis on strengthening the construction of weak junior high school, the majority of weak junior high school has changed significantly; education and teaching quality has greatly improved, junior high school generals The passing rate of examinations has risen from about 30% in the first few years after the “Cultural Revolution” to 56.88% in 1992, while the dropout rate of junior high school students dropped from 6.1% in 1987 to 5.84% in 1991. However, in accordance with the “Outline for Education Reform and Development in China”, it is necessary to basically popularize nine-year compulsory education by the end of this century and vigorously promote