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目的探讨高原红细胞增多症患者骨髓单个核细胞(MNC)GATA-1、GATA-2 mRNA 及蛋白表达的变化及作用。方法采用 RT-PCR 法检测高原红细胞增多症患者骨髓 MNC GATA-1、GATA-2 mRNA 表达水平,并采用免疫细胞化学方法检测骨髓细胞 GATA-1、GATA-2蛋白水平。同时以13例非血液病患者及7名正常人为对照。结果①高原红细胞增多症患者 GATA-1和 GATA-2mRNA 的相对表达水平分别为1.033±0.146和0.451±0.073,对照组 GATA-1和 GATA-2相对表达水平分别为0.458±0.076和0.185±0.074,高原红细胞增多症患者明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。免疫细胞化学检测结果显示高原红细胞增多症患者 GATA-1和 GATA-2蛋白表达均为阳性,阳性细胞数分别为77.3±33.3和29.4±11.4,阳性细胞积分分别为135.4±75.4和48.4±19.7。20例对照均表达GATA-1蛋白(阳性细胞数为18.1±11.3,阳性细胞积分为24.2±13.4),仅12例表达 GATA-2蛋白(阳性细胞数为5.4±3.0,阳性细胞积分为7.3±4.2),高原红细胞增多症患者明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。②GATA-1、GATA-2 mRNA 与蛋白表达水平呈正相关(P<0.01),高原红细胞增多症患者GATA-1 mRNA 和蛋白表达水平与血红蛋白浓度呈正相关(P<0.01)。③GATA-1和 GATA-2蛋白表达分布在细胞质而非细胞核。结论高原红细胞增多症患者骨髓细胞中 GATA-1、GATA-2表达升高,进一步影响红系血红蛋白基因表达增强,可能是高原红细胞增多症的重要发病机制之一。
Objective To investigate the changes and effects of GATA-1 and GATA-2 mRNA and protein in bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNC) in patients with high altitude polycythemia. Methods The mRNA expression levels of GATA-1 and GATA-2 in bone marrow of patients with high altitude polycythemia were detected by RT-PCR. The protein levels of GATA-1 and GATA-2 in bone marrow cells were detected by immunocytochemistry. At the same time to 13 cases of non-hematological diseases and seven normal controls. Results ① The relative expression levels of GATA-1 and GATA-2 mRNA in patients with high altitude polycythemia were 1.033 ± 0.146 and 0.451 ± 0.073, respectively. The relative expression levels of GATA-1 and GATA-2 in control group were 0.458 ± 0.076 and 0.185 ± 0.074, Patients with high altitude polycythemia were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.01). The results of immunocytochemistry showed that the expression of GATA-1 and GATA-2 were all positive in patients with high altitude polycythemia, the positive cells were 77.3 ± 33.3 and 29.4 ± 11.4 respectively, and the positive cells were 135.4 ± 75.4 and 48.4 ± 19.7 respectively. GATA-1 protein was expressed in all 20 cases (18.1 ± 11.3 positive cells, 24.2 ± 13.4 positive cells), while only 12 cases expressed GATA-2 protein (positive cells were 5.4 ± 3.0, positive cells were 7.3 ± 4.2), patients with high altitude polycythemia were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.01). The expression of GATA-1 and GATA-2 was positively correlated with the protein level (P <0.01). The expression of GATA-1 mRNA and protein in patients with high altitude polycythemia was positively correlated with hemoglobin concentration (P <0.01). ③ GATA-1 and GATA-2 protein expression in the cytoplasm but not the nucleus. Conclusions The expression of GATA-1 and GATA-2 in bone marrow cells of patients with high altitude polycythemia is increased, and the gene expression of erythroid hemoglobin is further increased, which may be one of the important pathogenesis of high altitude polycythemia.