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上天梯膨润土属于钙基膨润土 ,主要矿物成分是钙质蒙脱石。矿石的胶体分散性较差 ,阳离子交换总量较低 ,主要的可交换阳离子是钙、镁离子。蒙脱石的晶体化学结构研究表明 ,蒙脱石有较高的有序度和较大的层电荷 ,因此 ,上天梯膨润土适合于制备高效活性白土。试验讨论了酸性活化、固液比及活化时间对产品质量的影响 ,确定了最佳工艺条件。对原矿进行捣浆提纯后 ,用16 %～ 2 0 %的硫酸溶液对膨润土进行活化 ,活化时间 6～ 8小时 ,固液比 1∶2。制得的活性白土的脱色力达 156～ 2 18,活性度大于 2 2 2m .mol/ 10 0 g ,其质量达到和超过了国家行业标准和同行业该产品的指标 ,脱色效果良好。
Shangtianti bentonite is calcium bentonite, the main mineral composition is calcium montmorillonite. Ore colloid dispersion is poor, the total amount of cation exchange is low, the main exchangeable cation is calcium and magnesium ions. The study on the crystal structure of montmorillonite shows that montmorillonite has higher degree of order and larger layer charge. Therefore, the Shangtianti bentonite is suitable for the preparation of highly active clay. The effects of acid activation, solid-liquid ratio and activation time on the product quality were discussed and the optimum process conditions were determined. After pulping and purifying the raw ore, the bentonite is activated with 16% ~ 20% sulfuric acid solution, the activation time is 6 to 8 hours and the solid-liquid ratio is 1: 2. The prepared activated clay has a decoloring strength of 156-218 and an activity of more than 222 mmol / 100 g, and its quality meets and exceeds the national industry standards and the indicators of the same industry. The decoloring effect is good.