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目的探讨不同血压水平人群的颈动脉硬化改变分布情况及与血压水平的相关性。方法按血压值<120/80mmHg、(120~129)/(80~84)mmHg、(130~139)/(85~89)mmHg)和≥140/90mmHg分层随机抽取1600例社区居民为观察对象,分别为血压正常组、血压正常高值1期组、血压正常高值2期组和高血压组各400例,均应用彩色多普勒超声检测仪检测双侧颈动脉并测量颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)及斑块形成情况,了解各组观察对象的颈动脉硬化程度及病灶分布情况。结果(1)颈动脉硬化好发部位依次为颈动脉窦部、颈总动脉、颈内动脉和颈外动脉,硬化病灶分布间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(2)不同血压水平的观察对象其颈动脉硬化检出率不同,正常血压组、血压高值1期组、血压高值2期组和高血压组检出率分别为42.5%、53.3%、55.5%和67.3%;除血压正常高值1期组与血压正常高值2期组之间的颈动脉硬化检出率无统计学差异外,其余各组间的颈动脉硬化检出率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论颈动脉硬化好发部位主要在颈动脉窦部和颈总动脉;颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血压水平呈明显正相关关系,颈动脉粥样硬化程度随着血压水平的增高而增高;可将IMT增厚和斑块形成作为全身动脉硬化的一个重点筛查指标。
Objective To investigate the distribution of carotid atherosclerosis in different blood pressure levels and its correlation with blood pressure levels. Methods A total of 1600 community residents were randomly divided into groups according to the blood pressure (120 to 80 mmHg, (120 to 129) / (80 to 84) mmHg, (130 to 139) / (85 to 89) mmHg) Subjects were normotensive group, normal normotensive group 1, normotensive normotensive group 2, and hypertensive group 400. The bilateral carotid arteries were detected by color Doppler sonography and the carotid artery - media thickness (IMT) and plaque formation, to understand the extent of carotid atherosclerotic lesions in each group and the distribution of lesions. Results (1) The main site of carotid atherosclerosis followed by the distribution of carotid sinus, common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and external carotid artery and sclerosis, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). (2) The detection rates of carotid atherosclerosis were different in different blood pressure observation subjects. The detection rates of normotensive group, high blood pressure group 1, high blood pressure group 2 and hypertension group were 42.5%, 53.3% 55.5% and 67.3% respectively. The detection rate of carotid atherosclerosis among the other groups was not significantly different except for the high carotid atherosclerosis and carotid atherosclerosis between the two groups All were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions Carotid atherosclerosis predominantly occurs in the carotid sinus and common carotid artery. Carotid atherosclerosis is positively correlated with blood pressure, and carotid atherosclerosis is increased with the increase of blood pressure. IMT thickening and plaque formation as a key indicator of systemic arteriosclerosis.