为了查明白垩纪大洋红层的致色矿物及其赋存状态,并探讨白垩纪大洋红层可能的制约因素及成因模式,本文以中国西藏床得剖面红色页岩、意大利Vispi Quarry剖面红色灰岩以及北大西洋ODP1049C孔12X岩芯段Aptian-Albian期高频旋回红色泥灰岩为研究对象,对各剖面(或岩芯)中的红色和非红色样品分别进行了X射线衍射和漫反射光谱测试,同时对配制的含赤铁矿的标样进行了同样的测试。测试结果表明,无论是红色页岩、红色灰岩,还是红色泥灰岩,赤铁矿都是主要的致色矿物,其中西藏床得剖面红色页岩由结晶较好的碎屑状赤铁矿和结晶较差的细分散状的赤铁矿共同致色。在意大利Vispi Quarry剖面红色泥岩中,结晶程度相近的赤铁矿是唯一的致色铁氧化物,而在ODP1049C孔红色泥灰岩中,结晶差的赤铁矿和针铁矿的出现是泥灰岩呈红色的矿物学根源。赤铁矿的形成主要受铁的来源、沉积时的氧化还原条件以及成岩作用的影响,这些因素也成为制约红层形成的关键因素。本课题组在多年研究的基础上,结合前人研究成果进一步从矿物学的角度深化了大洋红层的成因模式。 In order to identify the chromogenic minerals and their occurrences in the Cretaceous oceanic red beds and to explore the possible constraints and genetic models of the Cretaceous oceanic red beds, this paper takes the red shale of the bed profile of Tibet in China, the reddish gray of the Vispi Quarry section of Italy Rock and the Aptian-Albian high-frequency cycle red marlstone in the North Atlantic ODP 1049C hole 12X core. The red and non-red samples in each section (or core) were respectively subjected to X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy The same test was carried out on the prepared hematite containing standard. The test results show that hematite is the major chromogenic mineral in both red shale, red limestone and red marl, and the red shale in the Tibet Bed profile is composed of well-crystallized clastic hematite And poorly crystalline finely divided hematite coloration. In the Vispi Quarry profile red mudstone in Italy, the hematite with the similar degree of crystallinity is the only chromogenic oxide, while the poorly crystalline hematite and goethite in the ODP1049C pore red marl are the ashes Rock is a red mineralogy source. The formation of hematite is mainly affected by the source of iron, the redox conditions during deposition and the diagenesis. These factors also become the key factors that restrict the formation of red beds. On the basis of years of research and combined with previous research results, our research group further deepened the genesis pattern of oceanic red beds from the perspective of mineralogy.