美国《政治学研究》2005年第53卷发表了阿什利·拉韦勒题为《社会民主党与新自由主义:澳大利亚工党的个案研究》的文章,认为澳大利亚工党从提倡社会改良和政府干预转向新自由主义,主要不是受意识形态、全球化和选举因素的影响,而是因为工党的再分配政策所需资金有赖于快速的经济增长,而20世纪70年代的经济不景气动摇了工党实施其纲领的经济基础。作者同时认为对澳大利亚工党的个案研究的结论也能解释其他社会民主党转向新自由主义政策的根本原因。这表明改良主义的社民党已经在当前世界经济大形势下处于深层危机之中。文章主要内容如下。 American Political Science Research Volume 53, 2005, published an article by Ashley Lavell entitled Social Democrats and Neo-Liberalism: A Case Study of the Australian Labor Party, arguing that the Labor Party in Australia shifted from advocating social reform and government intervention Neoliberalism is not primarily driven by ideology, globalization and election factors, but because the funds required for Labor’s redistributive policies depend on rapid economic growth, while the economic downturn of the 1970s shaken Labor to enforce its The economic basis of the program. At the same time, the author believes that the conclusion of the case study of the Australian Labor Party can also explain the fundamental reason why other social democrats are turning to neoliberal policies. This shows that the reformist Socialist Party has been in a deep crisis under the current global economic situation. The main contents of the article are as follows.