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目的了解上海市浦东新区法定传染病发病特征和流行趋势,为总结传染病防治经验和及时调整防治策略提供科学依据。方法利用描述性研究方法对浦东新区2011-2015年中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的法定传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2011-2015年浦东新区共报告法定传染病28种102 669例,年均发病率383.34/10万,死亡96例,年均死亡率0.36/10万,病死率0.09%。其中,甲类1种1例,乙类19种34 774例,甲乙类传染病年均发病率129.97/10万,以血源及性传播传染病和呼吸道传染病为主;丙类8种67 895例,年均发病率253.37/10万,以手足口病为主。发病数居前五位的甲乙类传染病为梅毒、肺结核、淋病、猩红热和急性病毒性肝炎,丙类传染病为手足口病、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒、其他感染性腹泻病和风疹。传染病发病以春夏季为主,4-7月为发病高峰;男女性别比为1.64:1;年龄分布集中在0~6岁和20~40岁;以散居儿童、幼托儿童、学生、工人、家政家务及待业和离退休人员为主。结论浦东新区2011-2015年法定传染病报告发病率总体呈高低波动趋势,应结合发病高峰和重点人群,针对梅毒、肺结核、手足口病等高发传染病,制定和完善传染病防治对策,严防传染病的暴发和流行。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and epidemic trend of notifiable infectious diseases in Pudong New Area in Shanghai and to provide scientific evidence for summing up experience in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and timely adjusting control strategies. Methods The descriptive method was used to analyze the statistic data of the epidemic situation of notifiable infectious diseases reported by China CDC in 2011-2015 in Pudong New Area. Results A total of 102 669 cases of 28 notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Pudong New Area during 2011-2015, with an average annual incidence of 383.34 / lakh and 96 deaths. The annual average death rate was 0.36 / lakh and the case fatality rate was 0.09%. Among them, there were 1 case of type A, 34,774 cases of type B, and 129.97 / 100,000 cases of type A and B infectious diseases, with blood-borne and sexually-transmitted infections and respiratory diseases as the main ones; 8 species C 895 cases, the average annual incidence of 253.37 / 100,000, mainly hand, foot and mouth disease. The top five infectious diseases of type A and B are syphilis, tuberculosis, gonorrhea, scarlet fever and acute viral hepatitis. Category C infectious diseases are hand-foot-mouth disease, mumps, influenza, other infectious diarrheal diseases and rubella . The incidence of infectious diseases was mainly in spring and summer, with the peak incidence in April-July; the sex ratio of men and women was 1.64: 1; the distribution of age was concentrated in 0 ~ 6 years old and 20 ~ 40 years old; with scattered children, preschool children, students and workers , Domestic workers and unemployed and retired staff. Conclusion The incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Pudong New Area during the period from 2011 to 2015 shows a trend of fluctuant high and low. In view of the high incidence of infectious diseases such as syphilis, tuberculosis and hand-foot-mouth disease, we should formulate and improve the prevention and control measures of infectious diseases in order to prevent infection Disease outbreaks and epidemics.