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2008年开始的国际金融危机,在肆虐全球的同时,重创美国经济,引起人们质疑美国的发展模式。奥巴马政府不遗余力地寻求化解危机的应对措施,期望通过“再工业化”、“美国制造”、“出口倍增”等一揽子计划重塑美国的竞争优势。作为相应举措,美国开始进行出口管制改革。本文回顾了美国出口管制政策的历史,从现阶段改革的内容、趋势以及对中国出口的影响等方面分析了奥巴马政府进行的出口管制改革,并提出了相应的建议。
The international financial crisis that started in 2008, while raging on the world, hit the U.S. economy seriously and caused people to question the development model of the United States. The Obama administration has spared no effort to find a solution to the crisis and looks forward to reshaping the competitive advantage of the United States through a package of programs such as “re-industrialization”, “U.S. made” and “export doubled.” As a corresponding measure, the United States began to carry out export control reform. This article reviews the history of U.S. export control policies, analyzes the export control reforms conducted by the Obama administration in terms of the contents and trends of the current reforms and their impact on China’s exports and puts forward corresponding suggestions.