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应用免疫组化ABC法，检测78例原发性胃癌组织P53、p21（ras基因表达产物）和nm23基因蛋白的表达，探讨其与肿瘤发展、分化程度、淋巴结转移等胄癌生物学行为的关系。结果p53在中晚期胄癌（57％）、低分化胃癌（76％）、伴淋巴结转移胃癌（62％）中的表达明显高于其在早期（1％）、高分化（4％）反不伴淋巴结转移胄癌（20％）中的表达率（P＜0．05）；p21蛋白表达与胃癌分期和有无淋巴结转移的关系也显示了类似趋势，但其与分化程度的关系无统计学意义；nm23表达主要与癌细胞侵袭程度和淋巴结转移呈负相关（P＜0．05），不同分化程度胄癌中的表达无显著差异。结果表明：胃癌的发生、发展可能与多基因异常有关，p53、p21高表达与nm23低表达在癌细胞增殖及肿瘤浸润中起重要作用，胃癌淋巴结转移是一个多基因作用且较为复杂的过程。
Immunohistochemical ABC method was used to detect the expression of P53, p21 (ras gene expression product) and nm23 gene protein in 78 cases of primary gastric cancer, and its relationship with tumor development, differentiation, lymph node metastasis and other biological behaviors of cancer were explored. . Results The expression of p53 in middle and late stage carcinoma (57%), poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma (76%), and lymph node metastasis (62%) was significantly higher than that in early stage (1%) and highly differentiated (4%). The expression rate of lymph node metastasis in cancer (20%) (P<0.05); the relationship between p21 protein expression and gastric cancer staging and lymph node metastasis also showed a similar trend, but its relationship with the degree of differentiation was not statistically significant. Significance; nm23 expression was mainly negatively correlated with invasion degree and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of nm23 in different grades of carcinoma. The results showed that the occurrence and development of gastric cancer may be related to polygene abnormalities. High expression of p53, p21 and low expression of nm23 play an important role in cancer cell proliferation and tumor invasion. Lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer is a multi-gene and complex process.