本文探讨了考验式审判、挑选陪审员、给陪审团的指示、陪审团裁决、无效审判、指令裁决、简易程序、量刑、大陪审团和人民陪审员等概念的含义和译法。司法审判中需要作出两项决定,一是被主张的事实是否发生(“定罪”);二是如果发生,按法律应该怎么办(“量刑”)。在不同的司法制度下,作出决定的主体不同。在大陆法系,两项决定通常都由法官 This article examines the concepts and translations of concepts such as trial trial, jury selection, jury directives, jury decisions, invalid trials, ruling orders, summary procedures, sentencing, grand juries and people's assessors. There are two decisions that need to be made in a judicial trial. One is whether the asserted facts have occurred (“conviction”) and the second is what should be done according to law when it occurs (“sentencing”). Under different judicial systems, the main body of the decision is different. In civil law, both decisions are usually made by judges