大多数过渡金属络离子均具有特征性的颜色,这与络离子的组成、几何构型和电子结构紧密相关。当络离子受到一定波长的光线照射时,将发生伴随有振动—转动能级改变的电子能级间的跃迁。过渡金属络离子的可见一紫外光谱通常被指定为宇称禁阻的d—d跃迁和字称允许的荷移跃迁,前者落在可见和近紫外区并呈现弱吸收,后者落在近紫外和紫外区且呈现强吸收。因此,过渡金属络离子的表观颜色可通过适当的理论计算而由“互补色”得到解释。本文测量了几种第一过渡金属络离子的电子光谱,并对比文 Most transition metal ions have a characteristic color, which is closely related to the composition, geometry and electronic structure of the complex ions. When complex ions are exposed to light of a certain wavelength, transitions between electron levels accompanied by a change in the vibrational-rotational energy level will occur. The visible-ultraviolet (UV) spectrum of transition metal ions is usually designated as the parity-banded d-d transition and the word-permissible charge transition, the former falling in the visible and near UV region and exhibiting a weak absorption which falls in the near ultraviolet And UV and showed strong absorption. Therefore, the apparent color of the transition metal ions can be explained by the “complementary color” by appropriate theoretical calculations. In this paper, the electronic spectra of several first transition metal complexes have been measured and compared