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肾脏是汞在体内主要的靶器官之一,以不同方式进入体内的汞及其化合物均可在肾内蓄积,引起不同程度的肾损伤,其中,以无机汞的肾脏损害较为严重。虽然无机汞导致的肾脏毒性已被广泛认可,但其作用机制尚不十分清楚,自由基和氧化损伤可能是其致肾脏毒性的主要原因。茶多酚是茶叶中含有的多羟基类化合物的总称,是一种优良的抗氧化剂,其多种生物活性已被证实。应用茶多酚来拮抗无机汞所致肾脏毒性可能为职业性汞中毒的防治提供新的手段。该文就氯化汞所致肾脏毒性的机制及茶多酚的抗氧化作用进行了综述。
Kidney is one of the main target organs of mercury in the body. Mercury and its compounds entering the body in various ways can accumulate in the kidney, causing different degrees of kidney damage. Among them, kidney damage caused by inorganic mercury is more serious. Although the renal toxicity caused by inorganic mercury has been widely recognized, its mechanism of action is not fully understood. Free radicals and oxidative damage may be the main cause of renal toxicity. Tea polyphenols is a general name for polyhydroxy compounds contained in tea, is an excellent antioxidant, a variety of biological activity has been confirmed. Application of tea polyphenols to antagonize renal toxicity caused by inorganic mercury may provide a new means of prevention and control of occupational mercury poisoning. This article reviews the mechanisms of renal toxicity induced by mercuric chloride and the antioxidative effects of tea polyphenols.