显微镜的产生与完善,经历了漫长的发展过程。远在古代,人们就知道用水晶或透明宝石研磨成透镜,用以放大物体。13世纪后半期,意大利开始制造眼镜,出现了屈光的光学仪器,有了单式显微镜。这种显微镜倍数很低,只能看清跳蚤那么大小的物体,所以人们称它为“蚤眼镜”。到了1608年,荷兰从事制镜生意的杨森父子,在前人的基础上,发明了复式显微镜。特别是荷兰生物学家列文虎克,在研究改进显微镜方面做出了重要的贡献。他用玻璃或水晶制成透镜,将它们组合起来,把直射光改成反射光,这样,不仅方便了显微镜的使用,而且使原来只能放大10倍的显微镜,发展到可以放大270倍。他通过自己制造的显微镜的观察,最早记述了血球形态,最先发现 The emergence and improvement of microscope, has gone through a long process of development. Far in ancient times, people knew that they were ground into lenses by crystal or transparent gemstones to magnify objects. In the latter half of the thirteenth century, Italy began manufacturing spectacles, refraction of optical instruments appeared, and monocular microscopes emerged. This microscope is very low multiples, can only see the size of a flea objects, so people call it “flea glasses.” By 1608, Jansen and his son, who engaged in the mirror business in the Netherlands, invented the compound microscope on the basis of their predecessors. In particular, the Dutch biologist Levin Hooke made an important contribution to the study of improving the microscope. He made lenses of glass or crystal and combined them to change the direct light into the reflected light, thus not only facilitating the use of the microscope but also enabling the microscope to be magnified by a factor of 10 by a magnification of 270 times. He first observed the morphology of his own microscope and described the morphology of the blood cells first and discovered it