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碳酸盐岩储集层岩石分类是储层评价和地质建模过程中的关键步骤.复杂碳酸盐岩的强非均质性导致目前尚无统一的碳酸盐岩储集层岩石分类方法,目前国内外碳酸盐岩储层岩石分类方法多受单因素控制,将其根据分类依据划分为地质、物性、开发动态三大类别.总结了不同的岩石分类方法研究进展、现状、存在的优势和局限性,提出碳酸盐岩储层岩石分类的发展方向.地质分类法揭示了沉积成岩特征,但孔渗关系及物理响应不明确;物性分类具有较好的孔渗关系,但在储层静态地质建模过程中,缺乏地质成因空间约束,导致空间岩石类型预测不确定性高;开发动态分类联系生产动态,但划分尺度较大,不能揭示储层微观特征.指出针对复杂碳酸盐岩,综合微观定量数据与宏观定性资料、囊括地质与岩石物理内涵、兼顾储层静态与油藏动态的多层次分类方法是复杂碳酸盐岩储集岩分类的最有效途径,是未来碳酸盐岩储层岩石分类发展的主要方向.
Carbonate reservoir rock classification is a key step in reservoir evaluation and geologic modeling, and the strong heterogeneity of complex carbonate rocks has led to the lack of a unified method for rock classification of carbonate reservoirs At present, the rock classification methods of carbonate reservoirs both at home and abroad are mostly controlled by single factor, which are divided into three categories according to classification basis, namely geology, physical properties and development dynamics.The paper summarizes the research progress, current status and existing problems of different rock classification methods Its advantages and limitations, the development direction of the rock classification of carbonate reservoirs is proposed.The geological classification reveals the sedimentary diagenesis, but the pore-water relation and the physical response are not clear. The physical classification has good porosity-permeability relationship. However, In the process of static geologic modeling, the lack of spatial constraint of geologic genesis leads to high prediction uncertainty of spatial rock types. The development of dynamic classification relates to production dynamics, but the scale of classification is large and can not reveal the micro-features of the reservoir. Rock, a comprehensive micro-quantitative data and macroscopic qualitative data, covering the geological and petrophysical connotations, multi-level classification method taking into account both reservoir static and reservoir dynamics is a complex carbonate The most effective way to classify rock reservoir rocks is the main direction for the development of rock classification of carbonate reservoirs in the future.