目的　探讨细胞因子基因型多态性对肾脏移植效果的影响。方法　应用聚合酶链反应 序列特异性引物 (PCR SSP)法 ,检测了 91例肾移植受者的细胞因子TNF α、IL 10、TGF β1和IL 6基因型 ,分析细胞因子基因型的分布频率以及不同细胞因子基因型对肾移植效果的影响。结果　在 91例肾脏移植受者中 ,TNF α和IL 10的基因型是以低分泌型占优势 ,分别达到 90 1% (82 / 91)和 79 1%(72 / 91) ,而TGF β1和IL 6的基因型是以高分泌型占优势 ,分别达到 79 1% (72 / 91)和 10 0 % (91/ 91)。在具有TNF α高基因分泌型和IL 10中、高基因分泌型的肾移植受者中 ,移植后急性排斥发生率显著高于低基因分泌型受者 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而且IL 10中、高基因分泌型受者发生的急性排斥反应是以急性血管性排斥反应为主。结论　细胞因子TNF α和IL 10的基因型多态性对肾脏移植后急性排斥反应发生率及程度均有明显的影响 ;肾脏移植前检测移植受者的细胞因子基因型有助于正确预测和估价移植后效果 Objective To investigate the effects of cytokine genotypes on renal transplantation. Methods The genotypes of cytokines TNFα, IL 10, TGF β 1 and IL 6 in 91 renal transplant recipients were detected by polymerase chain reaction sequence specific primers (PCR SSP), and the frequency of cytokine genotypes was analyzed. Effects of Different Cytokine Genotypes on Renal Transplantation. Results In 91 kidney transplant recipients, the genotypes of TNFα and IL 10 predominated by low secretion, reaching 90 1% (82/91) and 79 1% (72/91), respectively, while TGF β1 and The genotypes of IL-6 were predominantly high-secreting, reaching 79.1% (72/91) and 100% (91/91), respectively. In patients with highly secreted renal transplant recipients with high levels of TNFα and IL-10, the incidence of acute rejection after transplantation was significantly higher than those with low-gene-secreted recipients (P <0 05), and IL 10 In acute exacerbation of acute exacerbation of acute exacerbation of acute exacerbation of acute exacerbation of acute exacerbation of acute exacerbation, Conclusion The genotypes of cytokines TNFα and IL10 have a significant effect on the incidence and extent of acute rejection after kidney transplantation. Detecting the cytokine genotype of transplanted recipients before kidney transplantation is helpful for the correct prediction and evaluation Post-transplant effect