This paper proposes a new methodological approach to silted reservoir management and defence,which combines the reservoir rehabilitation process and the utilization of the recovered water volumes and sediments.This approach,strategic from both the economical and environmental points of view,is here defined as Economic Environmental Defence(EED) of a reservoir.The EED approach is applied to the case study of Guardialfiera reservoir,where the available experimental data allowed the estimation of siltation up to date,the analysis of the distribution of sediment particle size along the reservoir bottom and the possibility to propose a feasible utilization of water and sediments resulting from the reservoir rehabilitation. This paper proposes a new methodological approach to silted reservoir management and defense, which combines the reservoir rehabilitation process and the utilization of the recovered water volumes and sediments. This approach, strategic from both the economical and environmental points of view, is here defined as Economic Environmental Defense (EED) of a reservoir. The EED approach is applied to the case study of Guardialfiera reservoir, where the available experimental data allowed the estimation of siltation up to date, the analysis of the distribution of sediment particle size along the reservoir bottom and the possibility to propose a feasible utilization of water and sedimentation resulting from the reservoir rehabilitation.