●在学术氛围上,西方学界鼓励Gritical Thinking;中国强调实用和模仿,所以原创性的工作在国内难以生长。在科技体制上,中国科技管理的官本位制,以及缺乏独立自主的科学评价体系是制约科技发展的主要因素。●改革教育体制,建议取消知识性的分科高考,实行以测试能力和方法为主的综合考试;实行双轨制,把研究型大学与教育型大学分开;采取民办公助的办法,建立新型研究性大学和研究生院。 ● In the academic atmosphere, Western scholars encourage Gritical Thinking. China emphasizes practicality and imitation. Therefore, original work is hard to grow domestically. In science and technology system, the official standard system of China's science and technology management and the lack of an independent scientific evaluation system are the main factors restricting the development of science and technology. ● Reforming the education system, recommending the abolition of knowledge-based college entrance examination, the implementation of a comprehensive examination based on test skills and methods, the implementation of a two-track system to separate research universities from education-based universities, and establishing a new research university And graduate school.