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目的了解天津市2005年2~13岁人群乙肝疫苗查漏补种情况并评价其实施5年后效果,为制定乙肝免疫策略提供科学依据。方法 2005年天津市对2~13岁人群开展了乙肝疫苗的查漏补种工作,同时做了本底血清学监测,5年后对该人群进行抽样,采血检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(Anti-HBs)、抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体(Anti-HBc)。结果本次查漏补种共查出符合补种条件的适龄儿童共451 414人,最终完成全程接种儿童427 552人,接种率达94.71%。血清学监测结果显示,查漏补种5年后该人群抗-HBs阳性率为62.90%,比查漏补种前的43.35%显著提高了45.10%。本次查漏补种预计减少HBsAg携带者4 191人,慢性乙肝1 048人,肝硬化105人,肝癌11人。结论乙肝疫苗查漏补种是巩固和提高乙肝疫苗免疫屏障的重要手段。
Objective To understand the leak detection and seeding status of hepatitis B vaccine in people aged 2 ~ 13 in Tianjin in 2005 and evaluate its effect after 5 years of implementation so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating hepatitis B immunization strategy. Methods In 2005, the city of Tianjin conducted a leak detection and seeding of hepatitis B vaccine for people aged 2 ~ 13 years. At the same time, it did background serological surveillance. After 5 years, the population was sampled. Blood samples were collected to detect HBsAg, Anti-HBs Anti-HBs Anti-HBc. Results A total of 451 414 school-aged children who met the conditions for replanting were found out through the leak detection and replantation. In the end, 427,552 children were vaccinated and the inoculation rate reached 94.71%. The results of serological surveillance showed that the positive rate of anti-HBs in this population was 62.90% after 5 years of leak detection and replantation, which was significantly increased by 45.10% compared with 43.35% before leak detection and replantation. This missed leak replanting is expected to reduce 4 191 HBsAg carriers, 1 048 chronic hepatitis B, 105 liver cirrhosis, 11 liver cancer. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccine leak detection replant is an important means to consolidate and improve the immune barrier of hepatitis B vaccine.