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目的:通过兔股静脉局部单纯注射脂多糖构建股静脉血栓造模探讨炎症在静脉血栓形成中的作用。方法:选新西兰大白兔9只,于其股三角区局部分离股静脉,均以左侧为实验侧,右侧为假手术侧。无齿血管夹暂时阻断血流、股静脉局部注入脂多糖、30 min后去血管夹、逐层缝合皮肤,并将实验兔分为外科小夹板固定组(n=5)和非固定组(n=4)两组。造模72 h后进行血管加压超声检测确定栓塞的情况,检测结束后处死兔,迅速取实验段的股静脉进行病理学检测。结果:除固定组1只兔于60 h后死于肺栓塞外,其余8只兔存活;血管超声检测8只兔实验侧可见明确的血栓形成,而对照侧血流通畅,未见血栓形成;病理学HE检测显示所有兔的实验侧股静脉管壁均有不同程度的增厚和炎细胞浸润,除固定组1只兔未形成血栓形成外,8只兔实验侧均可见明显的血栓形成,而对照侧均未见血栓形成及炎细胞浸润。固定组与非固定组相比,差异无统计学意义。结论:炎症在深静脉血栓形成中具有重要意义,是血栓形成的最直接原因,股静脉单纯注射脂多糖可以导致血栓形成。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of inflammation in venous thrombosis by injecting lipopolysaccharide locally into rabbit femoral vein to construct femoral vein thrombosis. Methods: Nine New Zealand white rabbits were selected, and the femoral vein was separated locally in the triangular area of their stock. The left side was the experimental side and the right side was the sham side. Inverted vascular clamp temporarily blocked blood flow, local injection of lipopolysaccharide into the femoral vein, 30 minutes later, the vascular clamp was dissected and the skin was sutured one by one. The experimental rabbits were divided into two groups: surgical splint fixation group (n = 5) and non-fixation group n = 4) two groups. 72 h after modeling, blood pressure ultrasound to determine the embolization of the situation, the rabbit was killed after the test, the experimental section of the femoral vein was quickly taken for pathological detection. Results: One rabbit in the fixed group died of pulmonary embolism after 60 h, and the other eight rabbits survived. The blood flow of the eight rabbits showed definite thrombosis on the experimental side, while the control side had no abnormal blood flow and thrombosis. Pathological HE test showed that all rabbit experimental femoral vein wall thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration in varying degrees, with the exception of a fixed group did not form a thrombosis, the experimental side of 8 rabbits showed obvious thrombosis, The control side were not seen thrombosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. The difference between the fixed group and the non-fixed group was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Inflammation is of great importance in deep venous thrombosis and is the most direct cause of thrombosis. Injection of lipopolysaccharide into femoral vein can lead to thrombosis.