目的了解新沂市2013年水痘疫情的流行情况,为更好制定水痘疫情防制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对新沂市《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》报告的2013年水痘病例资料进行分析。结果 2013年新沂市共报告水痘425例,无死亡病例报告,年发病率8.43/10万。全部病例中<15岁的占90.35%,学生和幼托儿童占56.47%,散居儿童占38.12%。全年呈现2个发病高峰,3—7月占61.18%,10—12月占23.29%,呈现明显季节性,春末夏初和冬季是水痘发病高峰。结论新沂市水痘发病水平较高,春末夏初和冬季为高峰期;<15岁儿童少年是水痘发病的重点人群;易在学校、托幼机构中引起流行。应做好对患病学生、儿童的隔离工作及易感人群的预防接种是预防控制学校、托幼机构水痘流行和扩散的重要措施。 Objective To understand the epidemic situation of chickenpox in Xinyi City in 2013 and provide a scientific basis for better prevention and control of chickenpox epidemic. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the 2013 chickenpox cases data reported by Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System in Xinyi City. Results In 2013, a total of 425 cases of chickenpox were reported in Xinyi City. No deaths were reported. The annual incidence was 8.43 / 100 000. In all cases, <15 years old accounted for 90.35%, students and child care children accounted for 56.47%, scattered children accounted for 38.12%. In the whole year, there were two peak incidences, accounting for 61.18% in March-July and 23.29% in October-December, showing seasonal changes. The peak of chickenpox incidence was early spring and early summer and winter. Conclusions The incidence of chickenpox in Xinyi City is high, and the peak is early spring and early summer and winter. The children and adolescents aged less than 15 years are the major population of chickenpox, and are susceptible to epidemics in schools and nurseries. Should be done for sick students, children’s isolation work and vaccination of susceptible populations is an important measure to prevent and control the prevalence and spread of chickenpox in schools and nurseries.