帮工和雇工都是农村普遍存在的微观互助行为,前者以人情为联结纽带,后者以货币为交换媒介。本文通过分析华北平原S村30年来合作方式由帮工到雇工的转变过程发现,农民合作行为的变化经由个体动力场的作用机制得以实现,并且这种变化既受社会变迁的制约,也是社会变迁的一个部分。虽然对于社会变迁的解释一直有着宏观和微观两种视角的争论,但是,本文的研究表明,社会变迁必须以一系列的个体行动来达成,而后者又受到一系列心理机制的影响。对于社会变迁来说,微观视角仍具解释力,并且不可或缺。 Both helpers and employees are common micro-mutual behaviors in rural areas. The former takes the human connection as the link and the latter uses the currency as a medium of exchange. In this paper, through the analysis of the transformation from cooperative work to hired workers in S village of North China Plain over the past 30 years, it is found that the changes of peasant cooperative behavior are realized through the mechanism of individual dynamic field. And this change is not only restricted by social changes but also socially changed A part. Although the explanation of social changes has always been the macro and micro perspectives of the debate, but the study shows that social change must be achieved through a series of individual actions, which are affected by a series of psychological mechanisms. For social change, the micro perspective is still explanatory and indispensable.