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自从δ因子偶然在南意大利发现,并于1977年首次报告以来,对这一独特的生物学因子的认识已有很大进展。当 Rizzetto 等试图在免疫荧光染色的肝脏标本中检测 HBV抗原时,发现了一个不同于 HBV 抗原-抗体系统的新的抗原-抗体系统。这个新的肝内抗原(称为δ抗原)和其相应的循环抗体(称为抗-δ)仅存在于 HBsAg 阳性的患者中,且在严重的慢性肝病患者中较为常见。
Since the δ-factor was discovered incidentally in southern Italy and first reported in 1977, much has been made of the understanding of this unique biological factor. When Rizzetto et al attempted to detect HBV antigens in immunofluorescence-stained liver specimens, a new antigen-antibody system was found that was different from the HBV antigen-antibody system. This new intrahepatic antigen (called delta antigen) and its corresponding circulating antibody (called anti-delta) are present only in HBsAg-positive patients and are more common in patients with severe chronic liver disease.