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《哈姆雷特》可谓莎士比亚最具哲理的戏剧。在这一作品中,莎士比亚探讨了形式多样的人类认知方式及其与能力的关系。他在哈姆雷特这一人物身上构建的理智与能力的关系昭示着现代认知话语并为之提供了种种范式。本文着重考察哈姆雷特的认知过程并探究其在现代认识史中的作用。哈姆雷特的心智能力和实际行为之间存在差异,这使他成了个认知之谜,犹如身心不一的人面狮身怪兽斯芬克斯。继哈姆雷特之后的现代和后现代人同样面临着这一身心分离的窘境和认识自我的无望。
Hamlet is Shakespeare’s most philosophical theater. In this work, Shakespeare explores the various forms of human cognition and its relationship with abilities. His relationship of intellect and ability built on this character of Hamlet reveals the paradox of modern cognitive discourse and provides it with various paradigms. This article focuses on Hamlet’s cognitive process and explores its role in modern epistemological history. There is a difference between Hamlet’s mental ability and actual behavior, which makes him a mystery of cognition, like a sphinx Sphinx who is different in spirit and body. The modern and post-modern people following Hamlet similarly faced this dilemma of physical and mental separation and the hopeless self-realization.