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本文通过对大豆主要农艺性状的世代平均值分析,估算了 a、d、aa、ad 和 dd 各类基因效应。结果表明:主茎节数、分枝数、不稔荚和百粒重以加性基因效应为主,加性率均在50%以上。有效荚数、单株粒数和单株粒重的显性效应最重要,显性率分别是59.97%、64.73%和49.79%。所研究的9个性状均表现较高的上位效应,上位率在13.19%(单株粒重)—43.47%(株高)之间。因此,上位效应对大豆性状遗传具有重要影响。
In this paper, by averaging generations of major agronomic traits in soybeans, various genotype effects of a, d, aa, ad and dd were estimated. The results showed that the number of main stems, branch number, pod and pod weight were mainly additive gene effect, with the additive rates above 50%. The dominant effects of effective pods, grains per plant and grain weight per plant were the most significant, with dominant rates of 59.97%, 64.73% and 49.79%, respectively. The nine traits studied all showed high epistatic effects with the highest rate of 13.19% (grain weight per plant) -43.47% (plant height). Therefore, the epistasis effect has an important influence on the inheritance of soybean traits.