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目的 了解同仁县2013-2014年居民主要死因和分布特征,为卫生计生行政部门制定卫生保健政策、疾病预防控制策略提供技术支撑.方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法对同仁县2013-2014年死亡居民进行死因回顾调查分析.结果 同仁县2013-2014年居民总死亡率为604.96/10万,标化死亡率为479.40/10万.其中男性死亡率为661.36/10万,标化死亡率为600.04/10万;女性死亡率为546.31/10万,标化死亡率为374.73/10万.全县居民平均期望寿命为72.60岁,男性69.72岁、女性75.71岁.居民期望寿命的损失以恶性肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病所导致的最严重,去除上述两种死因,期望寿命可分别增加3.43岁、2.58岁.结论 恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、脑血管病、心脏病等慢性病已成为同仁县居民的主要死因,应着力加大慢性病综合防控力度,落实有效的防控策略措施,提高居民生命质量和期望寿命.“,”Objective To investigate the regularity and the main death causes of residents in Tongren,so as to provide scientific basis for govemment to formulate sanitary policy,and prevent and control diseases.Methods By multi-stages stratified randomized cluster sampling method,the death causes of residents in Tongren from 2013 to 2014 were investigated.Results The total mortality rate of the residents was 604.96/100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 479.40/100 000.The mortality rate in males and females was 661.36/100 000 and 546.31/100 000.The adjusted male mortality was 600.04/100 000 as well as the adjusted female mortality was 374.73/100 000.The expected life of the residents was 72.60 years old,the males was 69.72 and the females was 75.71 years old.The loss of the expected life was tumor and respiratory disease,the expected life can increase 3.43 and 2.58 years old removing them.Conclusion The main death causes for residents in Tongren were tumor,respiratory disease and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease,we should strengthen the prevention and control of the chronic non communicable disease and improve the expected life of the residents.