行为科学理论实为人群关系理论。与此前的科学管理理论和古典管理理论相比较,在理论上,最显著的区别就是将注意力从“事物”转移到了“人际”上,也就是将“人”作为管理理论的核心加以研究。乔治·埃尔顿·梅奥是行为科学学派和人际关系理论的创始人,他于1924~1932年问,在美国西方电气公司的霍桑工厂中进行了长达8年的试验。在霍桑试验中,原先人们关于物质刺激和生产条件的改善必然会提高劳动生产率的设想遭到了挑战,梅奥的研究发现了此前一直被管理者忽视的人的社会和心理属性对生产效果产生很大的影响,为此,提出了管理中另一个值得重视的新领域即人际关系的整合。梅奥于1933年出版了《工业文明中的人》一书,奠定了人际关系理论的基础。行为科学理论使管理者重新认识到,人是社会的存在,具有友情、尊重、安全感和归属感等社会、心理方面的需求。企 Behavioral science theory is population theory. Compared with the previous scientific management theory and classical management theory, the most significant difference in theory is to shift attention from “things ” to “interpersonal ”, that is, “people” as management The core of the theory to be studied. George Elton Mayo, the founder of the Behavioral Sciences School and the theory of human relations, asked in 1924-1932 for eight years of experimentation at the Hawthorne plant at Western Electric Company. In the Hawthorne test, the original assumption that the improvement of material stimulation and production conditions would inevitably increase labor productivity was challenged. Mayo’s study found that the social and psychological attributes of people who had been neglected by managers before had production effects Great impact, therefore, put forward another important area of ​​management is worthy of attention that is the integration of human relations. Mayo published the book “The Man in Industrial Civilization” in 1933, laying the foundation for the theory of human relations. Behavioral science theory enables managers to re-recognize that people are the existence of society and have social and psychological needs such as friendship, respect, security and sense of belonging. Enterprise