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目的 更有针对性、更有效地开展吸烟干预工作 ,减少乃至消除吸烟对健康的危害。方法 按三阶段随机抽样原则抽取 15～ 6 9岁人群 6 42 5人进行吸烟有害健康的认识和态度的问卷调查。结果 有 81%的吸烟者和 85 %的非吸烟者认为吸烟对健康有危害 (包括轻度和重度危害 ) ;有 6 9%的吸烟者和 76 %的非吸烟者认为被动吸烟对健康有危害 ;认为孕妇吸烟对胎儿的发育存在轻至重度影响的有 6 5 %。对吸烟易患疾病的认识 ,有 5 7%的被调查者知道吸烟易患慢支炎 ;有 33%的人知道易患肺癌 ;只有 2 3%的人知道易患冠心病 ;而知道易患慢支炎、肺癌、冠心病 3种疾病的人不足 1%。对吸烟行为的态度 ,赞同吸烟可以消除疲劳、提高工作效率这一说法的比例较大 ,为 35 %。倡导医务人员、教师、家长应起表率作用 ,赞同他们应带头不吸烟或不应当着小孩面吸烟的分别达 6 9%和 6 3%。欢迎政府出台相关政策来限制吸烟 ,减轻烟草的危害 ;赞同应禁止出售香烟给未成年的青少年的比例非常高 ,达 75 % ;赞同应禁止公共场所吸烟的也有 6 4%。结论 人们对吸烟危害健康的知识不全面 ,甚至是模糊的。应加强吸烟对健康危害知识的宣传教育 ,提高人群自觉控烟行为
Purpose More targeted and more effective smoking intervention to reduce or even eliminate the health hazards of smoking. Methods According to the three-stage random sampling principle, a questionnaire survey of 6 425 people aged 15-69 years old on the harmful health of smoking was conducted. As a result, 81% of smokers and 85% of non-smokers considered smoking as a health hazard (both mild and severe); 69% of smokers and 76% of non-smokers considered passive smoking a hazard to health ; That pregnant women smoking on the development of the fetus there is a slight to severe impact of 65%. Fifty-seven percent of respondents knew smoking predisposed to chronic bronchitis; 33% knew predisposition to lung cancer; only 23% knew predisposition to coronary heart disease; and 50% knew predisposition to smoking Chronic bronchitis, lung cancer, coronary heart disease, less than 1% of the three diseases. Attitudes toward smoking behavior, agree smoking can eliminate fatigue, improve working efficiency, a large proportion of that 35%. Advocacy of medical staff, teachers and parents should play an exemplary role, agreeing that they should lead non-smoking or not smoking children as 69% and 63% respectively. Welcome the government’s introduction of relevant policies to restrict smoking and reduce the harm caused by tobacco; agree that the proportion of cigarettes sold to underage adolescents should be prohibited at a very high rate of 75%; and agree that 64% of smoking should be banned in public places. Conclusions People’s knowledge of the harmful effects of smoking on health is not comprehensive or even vague. Publicity and education on the knowledge of health hazards of smoking should be strengthened so as to raise the population’s conscious behavior of tobacco control