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典型区域历史时期高分辨率的土地利用/土地覆盖变化重建对研究过去全球环境变化和全球气候变化具有十分重要的意义。公元733年(唐代开元二十一年)是河湟谷地以军事屯田为主的农业发展的峰值期,是其屯田规模最为宏大、效益空前、原始土地覆盖影响最为深刻的时段。本文收集、整理了公元733年河湟谷地历史文献中的耕地数据,运用青藏高原河湟谷地区耕地网格化重建方法,结合历史时期聚落分布的实际状况,对耕地分布进行二次分配,分析并重建了公元733年前后河湟谷地耕地资源规模以及分布格局。结果显示:(1)公元733年河湟地区耕地开垦以军事屯田为主,共有123屯,估算出屯田总面积为321.13km2;(2)耕地空间分布主要以聚落为中心,以河流为中心线向外扩散,集中分布在湟水干流区域以及黄河河谷区域中的串珠状盆地内,受海拔高度和山地地形因素的限制,加之当时人口较少,耕地面积有限,全区仅有11.7%的网格有耕地分布;(3)垦殖强度受到自然条件和生产力水平的双重影响,垦殖率整体偏低,处于农业发展的成长期;全区耕地网格平均垦殖率为9.2%,最高垦殖率仅为18.9%,其中有31.4%的耕地网格垦殖率在9.0%以下,67.6%的耕地网格垦殖率在9.0%~15.0%之间,1.0%的耕地网格垦殖率达到15.0%~20.0%之间;(4)垦殖强度在行政单元之间具有明显的差异性,鄯州垦殖率较高,平均垦殖率接近13%;廓州垦殖率较低,南部西使地区垦殖率最低。
High-resolution land use / land cover change reconstruction in a typical regional historical period is of great significance for studying past global environmental change and global climate change. 733 AD (Twenty-one years of Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty) is the peak period of agricultural development in the Hehuang Valley that is dominated by military mounts. It is the period with the largest scale, the unprecedented benefit and the most profound impact on primitive land cover. This paper collects and organizes the cultivated land data in the historical literature of Hehuang Valley in 733 AD. Using the method of grid rebuilding of Hetian Valley in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, combined with the actual situation of settlement distribution in the historical period, the distribution of cultivated land is re-distributed and analyzed And rebuilt the size and distribution of cultivated land resources in Hehuang Valley around 733 AD. The results showed that: (1) The reclaimed cultivated land in Hehuang area in AD 733 was mainly composed of military farms with a total of 123 villages. The total area of farmland was estimated to be 321.13 km2. (2) The spatial distribution of cultivated land was centered on settlements and centered on rivers Outward spread, concentrated in the Beiluo mainstream area and the Beiluhe valley beaded basin, by the altitude and mountain topography constraints, combined with the then population is small, arable land is limited, the region only 11.7% of the network (3) The reclamation intensity is affected by the natural conditions and the productivity level. The reclamation rate is low as a whole, and is in the growth stage of agricultural development. The average reclamation rate of the cultivated land grid in the region is 9.2%, and the highest reclamation rate is only 18.9%, of which 31.4% cultivated land reclamation rate below 9.0%, 67.6% cultivated land reclamation rate of 9.0% ~ 15.0%, 1.0% cultivated land reclamation rate of 15.0% to 20.0% (4) The strength of reclamation has obvious differences among administrative units. The reclamation rate of Zhuozhou is high, the average reclamation rate is close to 13%. The reclamation rate of Guizhou is low, and the reclamation rate in the west of the country is the lowest.