基于行为仿真的城市休闲绿地步行空间网络适老性重构r——以苏州市虎丘湿地公园为例

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空间人本主义强调城市空间开发的现实需求导向,人口老龄化背景下城市休闲绿地空间的营造需要切实解决适老性短板问题.以苏州市虎丘湿地公园为例,基于空间—行为互动理论,将“公共空间—公共生活”PSPL调研法与空间句法应用于城市休闲绿地步行空间适老性仿真模拟及优化重构.结果表明:1)基于生理和心理特征,老年人群体对城市休闲绿地步行空间具有选择性;2)绿地步行空间网络整合度与老年人群体分布和活动类型高度相关,整合度数值越高,老年人群体聚集程度越高,活动类型以社交集聚型为主;3)绿地步行空间视域的开合影响老年人群体的流动方向和停留选择,且老年人活动类型与视域空间复杂度及其变化程度紧密相关;4)绿地空间步行距离影响老年人空间感知能力,且多数老年人的感知能力较差,加强局域性步行空间网络功能集聚及服务是优化重构的关键.研究结果可为城市休闲绿地步行空间网络重构提供基于行为仿真的空间智能优化预案,也可为新时期我国城市公共空间网络适老性优化重构提供基于空间人本主义的治理新思路.
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