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目的分析2014年广西壮族自治区输入性疟疾病例流行病学特征,评估传播风险,探讨防控策略。方法收集2014年广西网络直报系统疟疾疫情数据以及所辖14个地市的疟疾疫情年报表,对输入性疟疾病例个案的流行病学信息进行分析。结果 2014年广西共报告疟疾病例184例,较2013年(1 251例)减少了85.29%,发病率为0.35/10万,均为国外输入性病例。四种疟疾病例均有发现,恶性疟病例最多,占49.46%;卵形疟次之,占32.07%。病例分布于区内11个地市中的32个县(区),其中上林县病例数占病例总数的65.76%。病例以男性为主,占98.37%;20~49岁青壮年占87.50%。病例来自非洲的14个国家和东南亚的2个国家;非洲输入病例占病例总数的86.41%,其中加纳输入病例占病例总数的48.37%;东南亚输入病例占病例总数的13.59%。病例在国外所从事职业主要为淘金,占86.96%。全年均有发病,无明显季节性。病例报告机构以县级以上医疗机构为主,间日疟、卵形疟病例回国-发病时间较长。结论非洲、东南亚是广西输入性疟疾病例的主要来源国,出国务工返乡人员可能存在休眠子所致的疟疾复发风险,需引起足够重视。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria cases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2014, to evaluate the transmission risks and to explore prevention and control strategies. Methods The malaria epidemic data of Guangxi Network Direct Report System in 2014 and the annual malaria epidemic report in 14 municipalities under the jurisdiction were collected. The epidemiological information of cases of imported malaria were analyzed. Results A total of 184 malaria cases were reported in Guangxi in 2014, a decrease of 85.29% from 2013 (1 251 cases), with a prevalence of 0.35 / 100 000, all of which were imported cases abroad. Four cases of malaria were found, the most cases of falciparum malaria, accounting for 49.46%; ovipositive malaria, accounting for 32.07%. The cases were distributed in 32 prefectures (districts) in 11 cities and districts in the district, in which the number of cases in Shanglin County accounted for 65.76% of the total number of cases. The majority of cases were male, accounting for 98.37%; young adults aged 20-49 accounted for 87.50%. The cases came from 14 countries in Africa and 2 countries in Southeast Asia. The imported cases in Africa accounted for 86.41% of the total cases, of which 48.37% of the total cases were imported from Ghana and 13.59% of the cases imported from Southeast Asia. Occupations in foreign countries mainly engaged in gold, accounting for 86.96%. The incidence of all year round, no significant seasonal. Case reporting agencies to medical institutions at or above the county level, vivax malaria, oval malaria cases return - the onset time is longer. Conclusion Africa and Southeast Asia are the main sources of imported malaria cases in Guangxi. Returning workers returning from home may have the risk of relapse of malaria due to dormancy, which needs sufficient attention.