目的探讨茄病镰刀菌引起急性髓性白血病患者感染的诊断和治疗措施。方法对临床连续送检的脓液和坏死组织标本行真菌培养,根据真菌培养的菌落特点和镜下形态鉴定致病真菌,采用MIC方法进行真菌体外药敏试验。结果从造血干细胞移植术后患者全身出现的多发性皮下包块中采取标本,连续两次行真菌培养,均检测出茄病镰刀菌,体外药敏试验显示该菌对伏立康唑和两性霉素B有较低的MIC值,分别为2.0、4.0μg/ml。结论茄病镰刀菌对造血干细胞移植术后的感染少见,且难治疗,及时进行分离、培养、鉴定和药物敏感试验,正确选用抗菌药物、促进造血功能恢复,尤其是中性粒细胞、增强免疫功能,是治疗成功与否的关键。 Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of Fusarium solani infection in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Methods The specimens of pus and necrotic tissue were collected for clinical fungal culture. Pathogenic fungi were identified according to the characteristics of colony culture and microscopic morphology of the fungi, and MIC method was used to detect the susceptibility of fungi in vitro. Results Specimens were collected from multiple subcutaneous mass in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Fusarium solani were detected in two successive fungal cultures. In vitro susceptibility test showed that the bacteria had a positive effect on voriconazole and amphotericin B Lower MIC values ​​were 2.0 and 4.0 μg / ml, respectively. Conclusion Fusarium solani infection is rare and difficult to treat after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The isolation, culture, identification and drug susceptibility tests should be carried out in time. Correct use of antimicrobial agents should promote the recovery of hematopoietic function, especially neutrophils, enhance immunity Function, is the key to the success of treatment.