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20世纪80年代邓小平同志提出了“两个大局”的战略思想,为中国的区域发展政策布局指明了方向。本文建立了一个由中央政府、地方政府和跨国公司组成的博弈模型,试着从经济学角度来解释“两个大局”的科学性。模型指出,在地方政府为经济增长而竞争的情况下,中央政府为了最大化整个国家的经济福利,应该选择外资的外部收益较高地区作为政策优惠对象,而政策倾斜力度需要大到足以使得政策优惠地区不提供任何税收补贴即可赢得外资竞争。相比“东部优先”战略而言,“西部大开发”、“振兴东北”、“中部崛起”等发展战略还需要中央政府提供更大的政策倾斜方能见效。
In the 1980s, Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed the strategic thinking of “two overall plans,” pointing out the direction for China’s regional development policy layout. This paper establishes a game model consisting of the central government, local governments and multinational corporations and attempts to explain the scientific nature of “two overall plans” from an economic point of view. The model points out that in the case of local governments competing for economic growth, in order to maximize the economic welfare of the entire country, the central government should select the regions with higher external benefits of foreign investment as preferential policies and the policies must be large enough to make the policies The preferential area can win foreign competition without any tax subsidy. Compared with the “eastern priority” strategy, development strategies such as “Western Development”, “revitalizing the northeast”, and “rising in the middle” also require the central government to provide greater policy preferential treatment.