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庭审,作为刑事诉讼过程的中心环节,理应对诉讼结果有着直接而重要的影响。在英美法系国家,庭审的重要性愈加明显。英国法律史学家梅特兰曾深刻地指出:“只要法律是不成文的,它就必定被戏剧化和表演。正义必须呈现出生动形象的外表,否则人们就看不见它。”有国内学者用“剧场化的司法”[1]来形容庭审,充分展示了庭审作为司法活动的建筑空间所具有的特别性质。剧场之内,裁判者、公诉人、辩护人、被告人等刑事诉讼参与者尽其所能地演绎着案件事实的真实过程。
As the central part of the process of criminal procedure, trial should have a direct and important impact on the outcome of the litigation. In Anglo-American legal systems, the importance of the trial becomes even more apparent. Maitland, a British legal historian, has profoundly pointed out: “As long as the law is unwritten, it must be dramatized and performed. Justice must exhibit a vivid appearance, otherwise people can not see it.” “There are domestic Scholars use ”theater justice" [1] to describe the trial, which fully demonstrates the special nature of the courtroom as a judicial activity. Within the theater, the participants in the criminal proceedings such as the referee, prosecutor, defender and defendant try their best to deduce the true process of the facts of the case.