目的:提高非产后期乳腺炎的诊断准确性.材料与方法:将43例非产后期乳腺炎作回顾性X线征象分析.结果:本病X线征象以下列各点为主:乳晕后肿块、结节影22例(51％),乳晕增厚18例(41.8％),局部密度增高13例(30％),乳头回缩12例(27.9％),局部皮肤增厚8例(18.6％),钙化点2例(4.6％)等.结论:非产后期乳腺炎X线征象如能密切结合临床病史和体征,则能提高对本病诊断的准确性.本病下列X线征象与乳腺癌有所不同:①病灶密度较乳腺癌为低.②肿块边缘无毛刺.③多数病灶位于乳晕后方(乳腺癌好发于外上象限).④皮肤增厚以局限性为其特征.⑤非先天性乳头回缩而乳腺内无肿块者,应高度考虑乳腺炎.⑥计算机图像处理有助于鉴别诊断.“,”Objective: To improve the diagnostic accuracy of nonpuerperal mastitis.Materials and Methods:The mammographic findings of 43 cases with nonpuerperal mastitis were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.Results:The following Xray signs were found on mammograms: mass or nodule shadow behind the areola (n=22, 51%), thickened areola (n=18, 41.8%), localized increased density (n=13, 30%), retraction of nipple (n=12, 27%), punctate calcification (n=2, 4.6%), etc.Conclusion: The accuracy of Xray diagnosis of nonpuerperal mastitis can be improved by the combination of Xray signs and clinical information. The following mammographic manifestations are different from that of mammary cancer: (1) lower lesion density; (2) nonspiculate lesion border; (3) mainly located immediately behind the areola, most frequent in superolateral quadrant; (4) thickened skin, characteristically localized; (5) noncongenital retraction of nipple without mammary mass, highly suspicious of mastitis. Besides, digital processing technique is helpful in differentiating mastitis from cancer.