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为了鉴定颐和园彩画的有机胶料,利用气相色谱质谱联用技术(GCM S)对3个颐和园建筑彩画YH-1、YH-2、YH-3进行了分析。样品前处理包括氨水萃取蛋白、固相萃取C4柱排杂,微波辅助盐酸水解蛋白质、硅烷试剂进行氨基酸衍生化。以我国古代常用胶料动物胶、蛋、牛奶和不同配比的动物胶与蛋的混合胶作为标准胶料,以正亮氨酸为内标、利用气相色谱质谱联用技术测定胶料中的丙氨酸、甘氨酸等14种氨基酸含量。在分析胶料氨基酸组成特征的基础上结合主成分分析,鉴定出颐和园3个彩画样品均属于动物胶与蛋组成的混合胶,并对混合胶在绘画中的使用及其稳定性等相关问题进行了初步探讨。该研究丰富了颐和园彩画的制作材料,为我国彩绘文物胶料鉴定和为后期“原材料”的修缮和保护提供了科学依据。
In order to identify organic colorants in the summer palace color painting, three summer palace architectural paintings YH-1, YH-2 and YH-3 were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCM S). Sample preparation includes ammonia extraction, solid phase extraction of C4 columns, microwave assisted hydrolysis of hydrochloric acid, and silane reagents for amino acid derivatization. Taking the glue of traditional animal glue, egg, milk and mixed glue of different proportions of animal glue and egg as the standard compound in our country, the content of norleucine was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Alanine, glycine and other 14 kinds of amino acid content. Based on the analysis of the amino acid composition of the compound materials and the principal component analysis, it was identified that all the three samples in the Summer Palace belonged to the mixed glue composed of the animal glue and the egg, and the related problems such as the use of the mixed glue in the painting and its stability Conducted a preliminary discussion. The research enriches the production materials of summer palace color paintings and provides scientific evidence for the identification of painted cultural relics in our country and the repair and protection of later “raw materials ”.