论文部分内容阅读
从1929年发现青霉索以来,至今已有五十多年。在这期间,特别是近三十年,对抗生素进行了广泛深入的研究。发现的天然抗生素已达7,000余种,其中微生物生的达5,500种以上,有一些已用于医疗,许多疾病得到了有效的治疗和控制。因此,抗生素在医疗上占有很重要的地位。同时,它也用于农业、畜牧兽医,植物保护和食品工业。由于医疗上的迫切需要和现有抗生素存在的问题,世界各国都在努力研究,扩大筛选范围。其中化学改造现有抗生素,取得了迅速的进展,应用范围已由原来的抑菌扩大到抗肿癌、抗原虫和治疗高血压
Since Penicillium was discovered in 1929, it has been more than 50 years. Antibiotics were extensively studied during this period, especially in the last thirty years. Natural antibiotics have been found in more than 7,000 species, of which more than 5,500 are living organisms, some of which have been used in medicine and many of which have been effectively treated and controlled. Therefore, antibiotics occupy a very important position in medicine. At the same time, it is also used in agriculture, animal husbandry and veterinary, plant protection and food industry. Due to the urgent medical needs and the existing problems of antibiotics, all countries in the world are trying their best to expand their screening scope. The chemical modification of existing antibiotics has made rapid progress, the scope of application has been expanded from the original antibacterial anti-cancer, anti-protozoan and treatment of hypertension