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关于危害人类罪的罪过形式,结合国际刑法的规定和判例法,笔者认为:其一,对国际刑事法院管辖的全部罪行而言,其心理要件原则上均为故意和明知,除非在具体罪行的条文中有特殊规定;其二,《罗马规约》第7条关于危害人类罪的规定虽然提及了“明知”,但并未完整地揭示该罪的心理要件,而是要和第30条的规定结合起来才能完整地说明问题。因此,危害人类罪的罪过形式是故意(即大陆法系中的直接故意和间接故意、普通法系中的“蓄意”和“明知”)。关于歧视意图,笔者提出:只有在涉及到那些明文要求歧视意图的罪行,即《罗马规约》第7条第1款第(8)项所列举的迫害行为,歧视意图才是不可或缺的法律要素;而对于危害人类罪的其他具体行为,如谋杀、灭绝、酷刑等,则无此要求。
With regard to the crime of crimes against humanity and the provisions of international criminal law and case law, the author thinks: First, the psychological elements of the crimes that are subject to the jurisdiction of the ICC are, in principle, both knowingly and intentionally, The provisions of Article 7 of the Rome Statute on crimes against humanity, although referring to “knowing knowledge,” did not fully reveal the psychological elements of the crime, but rather were similar to those of article 30 Provisions combined to complete the problem. Therefore, crimes of sin against humanity take the form of sin (ie, direct and indirect intention in civil law systems, “deliberate” and “knowingly” in common law systems). With regard to the intent of discrimination, the author proposes that discrimination intentions is an indispensable law only when it comes to crimes that expressly require intent to discriminate, namely the persecutions listed in article 7, paragraph 1, subparagraph (8) of the Rome Statute Elements, while other specific crimes against humanity such as murder, extermination and torture are not required.