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目的分析钩端螺旋体(钩体)病流行状况,探讨流行规律。方法对贵州省黎平县2001-2008年钩体病疫情进行描述性流行病学分析。结果黎平县2001-2008年共报告钩体病127例,死亡28例,年报告发病率为3.18/10万,死亡率为0.70/10万,病死率为22.05%,各年度发病率和死亡率差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.82,P=0.0000;χ2=25.87,P=0.0005);学生和农民占发病数的96.06%(122/127)。结论黎平县是钩体病流行区,学生和农民是钩体病高发人群,建议在钩体病流行季节加强疫情监测,采取以健康教育、灭鼠和疫苗接种并重的综合性防控措施,控制钩体病疫情,降低病死率。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of Leptospira (Leptospira) and discuss the epidemic law. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of leptospirosis in Liping County, Guizhou Province from 2001 to 2008 was conducted. Results In 2001-2008, Liping County reported a total of 127 cases of leptospirosis and 28 deaths. The annual incidence was 3.18 / lakh, with a mortality rate of 0.70 / lakh and a case fatality rate of 22.05%. The annual morbidity and mortality rates The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 54.82, P = 0.0000; χ2 = 25.87, P = 0.0005). Students and peasants accounted for 96.06% (122/127) of the cases. Conclusions Liping County is the endemic area of leptospirosis. Students and peasants are the high incidence of leptospirosis. It is suggested that the monitoring of epidemic situation should be strengthened in the season of leptospirosis, and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to control both epidemiology and deratization and vaccination Leptospirosis, reducing mortality.